TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, HYPERTENSION AND CONCURRENT TYPE 2 DIABETES, AND HYPERTENSION: RESULTS

11 Feb
2010

The baseline data of patients and controls are shown in Table 1. The controls, normoglycaemic hypertensives, normotensive diabetics and diabetic hypertensives were similar in age, body mass index, and male to female ratio. The duration of diagnosis of hypertension was 6.0 ±3.2 years among the normoglycaemic hypertensives and 5.8 ± 2.2 years among type 2 diabetic hypertensives (t=0.3; p>0.05). The duration of diagnosis of diabetes was similar among the normotensive diabetics and diabetic hypertensives (4.3 ± 1.4 years versus 4.2 ± 1.9 years) (t=0.3; p>0.05). In the diabetic patients, fasting blood sugar was similar among the normotensive (11.1 ± 3.1mmol/L) and hypertensive groups (10.3 ± 3.2mmol/L) (t=1.12; p>0.05). Blood pressure also was similar among the normoglycaemic hypertensives and diabetic hypertensives (186.1 ± 26.7/106.9 ± 22.4mmHg) versus (178.9 ± 18.8/99.6 ± 19.8mmHg) (t=1.2; p>0.05).


Table 1. BASELINE DATA OF PATIENTS AND CONTROLS

Characteristics Controls HBP DM HBP+DM
N=40 N=40 N=40 N=40
Male:Female ratio 1 : 1.7 1 : 1.8 1 :1.6 1 : 1.9
Age (Years) 47.9+11.4 49.1+12.0 50.8+13.2 52.2113.5
BMI (Kg/m2) 25.8±6.0 26.3±3.9 28.016.7 27.416.8
SBP (mmHg) 110.3±8.4 186.1+26.7 112.5+8.9 178.9+18.8
DBP (mmHg) 79.2±7.4 106.9122.4 80.8111.4 99.6119.8
FBS (mmol/L) 4.1±0.2 4.3Ю.З 11.113.1 10.313.2
Duration of HBP (Years) …. 6.013.2 — 5.812.2
Duration of DM (Years) — — 4.3+1.4 4.2+1.9
SBP: Systolic blood pressureDBP: Diastolic blood pressure

FBS: Fasting blood sugar

HBP: High blood pressure (Hypertension)

DM: Diabetes mellitus

Comparing the patients and controls (Table 2), atherogenic index, and the levels of total plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol were significantly higher among patients than controls (p < 0.05 for each parameter). HDL-cholesterol was similar among patients and controls (p > 0.05). Comparing the three groups of patients (Table 2), atherogenic index, total plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol concentrations did not differ significantly among normoglycaemic hypertensives, normotensive diabetics, and diabetic hypertensives (F=0.0; p=0.99 for each parameter).
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Table 2. COMPARISON OF PLASMA LIPID LEVELS AMONG CONTROLS, HBP, DM AND HBP+DM PATIENTS

Parameters Controls HBP DM HBP+DM
N=40 N=40 N=40 N=40
*TC (mmol/L) 3.1410.78 4.1611.25 4.3611.32 4.3111.77
(2.59-4.65) (0.55-6.23) (1.08-7.02) (2.20-6.21)
HDL-C (mmOI/L) 1.21 ±0.31 1.2110.48 1.2010.55 1.29Ю.61
(0.83-2.63) (0.50-2.55) (0.30-2.48) (0.66-3.00)
*LDL-C (mmOI/L) 1.92Ю.63 2.2611.00 2.3711.22 2.34Ю.81
(1.42-3.13) (0.67-4.51) (0.55-5.32) (0.69-4.71)
*TGA (mmol/L) 1.22±0.33 1.7410.60 1.7910.56 1.82Ю.29
(0.87-2.25) (0.71-2.90) (0.45-2.88) (0.75-3.08)
*AI 3.1011.08 4.2611.79 4.1611.10 4.2111.04
М.ПЯ-Я.1И M 99-11 40^ M 17-9 73^

Hypertriglyceridaemia and hypercholestero-laemia were the most frequent dyslipidaemia. Of the 120 patients studied, 37 (31.1%) and 25 (20.8%) had hypertriglyceridaemia and hypercholesterolemia, respectively. The frequency of dyslipidaemia among the normoglycaemic hypertensives, normotensive diabetics and diabetic hypertensives were 22 (55%), 23 (57.5%) and 22 (55%), respectively. The differences were not statistically significant (x2=0.70; p=0.97). canadian antibiotics

Table 3. PREVALENCE OF DYSLIPIDAEMIA AMONG HBP, DM AND HBP+DM PATIENTS

Parameters HBP DM HBP+DM Total
N=40 N=40 N=40
TC > 5.2mmol/L N (%) 8(20.0) 7(17.5) 10(25.0) 25
HDL-C < 0.9mmol/L N (%) 7(17.5) 9(22.5) 6(15.0) 22
LDL-C > 3.5mmol/L N (%) 6(15.0) 5(12.5) 4(10.0) 15
TGA > 1.75mmol/L N (%) 11(27.5) 10(25.0) 16(40.0) 37
Al > 5.8 N (%) 7(17.5) 6(15.0) 7(17.5) 20
Total 39 37 43 119

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